Atelectasis refers to what condition?

Atelectasis specifically refers to the condition where there is a collapse of a portion or the entirety of a lung. This may occur due to various factors such as obstruction of the airways, pressure on the lung from outside, or insufficient surfactant production which keeps the alveoli open. When a lung or lobe collapses, it cannot efficiently exchange gases, leading to reduced oxygen levels and potentially resulting in symptoms like shortness of breath or chest pain. Understanding this term is crucial in the context of respiratory health, as atelectasis can complicate respiratory conditions and affect overall lung function.