What is Crohn's Disease primarily described as?

Crohn's Disease is primarily described as an autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In this condition, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy tissues of the digestive system, resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and malnutrition. This inflammation can occur in any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus, but most commonly affects the ileum (the last part of the small intestine) and the colon.

The characteristic inflammation of Crohn's Disease can cause a variety of complications, including strictures, fistulas, and abscess formation, which can further hinder digestive function. Because it is an autoimmune disorder, it is often associated with other immune-mediated conditions and involves a complex interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors.

This understanding highlights the systemic nature of the disease and the immune mechanisms at play, distinguishing it from conditions like infections, genetic disorders specifically related to metabolism, or acid reflux, which have different underlying causes and implications for treatment.