Which of the following symptoms is associated with tracheoesophageal fistula?

Coughing during feeding is a classic symptom associated with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). This condition occurs when there is an abnormal connection between the trachea and the esophagus, which can lead to food or liquid entering the trachea instead of the esophagus during swallowing. As a result, when an infant or child with TEF attempts to feed, they may cough or experience choking due to aspirated food or fluids. This symptom is particularly prominent in infants since their swallowing mechanisms are not fully developed, making them more susceptible to aspiration.

The other symptoms mentioned do not directly relate to the physiological complications of TEF in the same way. While abdominal pain and decreased appetite may arise from other gastrointestinal issues, they are not specific indicators of this particular condition. Frequent hiccups may occur in various scenarios but lack the direct connection to TEF that coughing during feeding exhibits. Understanding the mechanism behind the symptoms helps in recognizing the distinct challenges faced by individuals with this condition and underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment.