Which substances are absorbed in the large intestine?

The large intestine primarily functions to absorb water and electrolytes, but it also plays a role in the absorption of certain vitamins. Specifically, vitamins produced by gut bacteria, such as vitamin K and some B vitamins, are absorbed in the large intestine. Glucose, on the other hand, is primarily absorbed in the small intestine and is not significantly absorbed in the large intestine. Therefore, while vitamins are absorbed in the large intestine, glucose is not typically among the substances that are absorbed at this stage of digestion.

In examining the other options, proteins and carbohydrates are primarily digested and absorbed in the small intestine. Fats and alcohols do have some absorption capabilities in the stomach and small intestine, but they are not specifically noted for significant absorption in the large intestine. Minerals and nucleic acids also do not have a major absorption process occurring in the large intestine. Therefore, the presence of vitamins in the correct option underscores the specific role of the large intestine in absorbing certain nutrients, particularly those generated by gut microbiota.